Nu-substituted, 2-butene-1, 4-diamines, and process for preparing



Patented May 4 1948 Iii-SUBSTITUTED,

2,440,724 I Z-BUTENE-lA-DIAMJNES,

AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING v Glen H. Morey, Terre Haute, Ind.,assignor to 7 Commercial Solvents Corporation, Terre Haute, 1nd,, a. corporation of Maryland No Drawing. Application October 27, 1944, V Serial No. 560,714

. 1 w This invention relates to new N-substituted Z-butene-lA-diamines and to a method of preparing them, and more particularlyto N-substituted Z-butene-lA-diarhines in which the N substituent groups contain from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, and which have the following general formula:

R111 11 7H H R1 -l*l ll RN -=o-o-N-R 1'1 7 4 wherein R and R may be the same or different and may be alkyl, or alkenyl groups containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive. 7

Among the new compounds of my invention are included the following: Z butene-IA-bis-dipropylamine; Z-butene-lA-bis-diisopropylamine; zbutene-lA -bis-dibutylamine; 2-butene-1,4-bisdiisobutylamine; Z-butene-1,4-bis-diamylamine; Z-butene-1,4-bis-diisoamylamine; 2-butene-1,4- bis-dihexylamine; 2-butene-1,4-bis#propylbutylamine; Z-butene-1,4-bis-butylamylamine; 2 butene-1,4-bis-diallylamine, and the like.

The first member of the series of'comp'ounds of my invention, namely Z-butene-lA-bis-dlmethylamine is old and is described in Beilstein, vol. 4, p, 2'73. I have found, however, that while this old compound, namely Z-butene-lA-bis-dimethylamine and its next higher homolog are of no value as insecticides, the compounds of the series having'irom 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive in the N-substituent groups are especially efi'ective for this purpose, particularly when used in sprays for combating flies, mosquitoes, and common agricultural insect pests, as set forth in my co-pending application, U. S. Serial No. 529,- 667, now Patent No. 2,415,020.

In preparing the N-substituted 2-butene-1,4- diamines of my invention, I react 1,4-dlchloro-2- butene with a secondary alkyl or alkenyl amine in the proportion of at least fourmoles of the secondary amine toone mole of dichloro compound. I prefer, however, to use an appreciable excess of secondary amine, for example, at least 50% excess, that is, a proportion of about six moles or more of secondary amine to one mole of 1,4-dichlor0-2-butene to insure conversion of the maximum proportion of dichloro compound to N-substituted z-butene-lA-diamine,primarily by providing enough secondary amine both to form the substituted diamine compound and to react with the chlorine liberated from the dichloro compound to form the amine hydrochloride.

42 Claims. (01. 260-583) incident reduction in the yield of the desired N- substituted 2-butene-l,4-diamine. Moreover, by employing an excess of secondary amine, there is sufficient of the secondary amine present to serve as a solvent for the reaction. Other solvents may be used, however, which are inert toward thereactants, and for this purpose hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and the like are suitable. The reaction is preferably initiated at ordinary room temperatures. However, the heat of reaction may cause the temperature to rise somewhat, and in such cases it is desirable to cool the mixture, to maintain the temperature below about 859 during the initial stages" of the reaction, otherwise darkening of the reaction mixture may occur and a reduction .in yield results. The temperature at which reaction proceeds most favorably varies with the amine used, some amines reacting vigorously with 1,4-dichloro-2- butene at or below room temperatures, so that cooling must be resorted to, to prevent the temperature from rising too high. Other amines react more slowly, so that no cooling is required. Still others may react so slowly at. room temperature's, that moderate heating will be required to speed up the reaction somewhat. In any case, even as to the slowly reacting amines, I have found that the temperature of the reaction in its initial stages, should not exceed about C. for best results, although at higher temperatures, quantities of the desired products will be obtained in somewhat lower yields. After the major part of the reaction has taken place, higher temperatures apparently do no harm and may even be desirable to bring the reaction to substantial completion.

When the reaction appears to be complete, usually in a matter of several hours, an aqueous solution of a strong base such as sodium or potassium hydroxidemay be added to the reaction mixture to liberate the excess secondary amine from the hydrogen chloride with which it has combined during the course of the reaction. This addition causes the formation of two liquid layers, the lower layer consisting chiefly of water and sodium or potassium chloride, the upper layer consisting principally of the desired N-substituted 2-butene-1,4-diamine, together with the excess secondary amine. The two layers are separated, and the upper layer containing the crude N-substituted 2-butene-1,4-diamine is fractionated under reduced pressure, and the purified product recovered.

Instead ofadding a base such as sodium hydroxide, at the stage described above, the reaction Seven moles, 875 parts, of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene V o. in 28.9. parts. of product, corresponding to a yield was added to 42 moles, 5420 parts of dibutylamin in a reaction vessel. Reaction proceeded,vsl oizvly over several hours while the temperature rose gradually to 60 C. The mixture was cooled to prevent the temperature from rising above. 60 C. After standing for sixty-five hours, 3100 parts of sodium hydroxide solution containing 1,8 moles of sodium hydroxide was added and the mixture I stirred vigorously for three hours. An oily layer separated and this layer was fractionated on a fractionating column. Most of the unreacted dibutylamine was fractionated 01f at atmospheric pressure up to a kettle temperature of 180 C. The last traces were fractionated oif at 50 mm. pressureupto a kettle temperatureof 160C. and the remaining product was then distilled at 2 mm. pressure up to a pot temperature of 180?; C. The product, 2-butene-l,4 bis dibutylamine, amounted to 2044parts, 6.58 moles, a yield of 94%based on the chloro compound.

xa le II.-2- butene-1,4-bis-dibtttylamjne One mole, 125 parts, of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene was mixed with 6 moles, 774 parts, of dibutylamine. Over a'period of about two hours, the temperature rose about 10 C. to about C. and

' crystals formed. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for about twenty hours. It was then heated in a water bath to 90 C. and stirred for two hours. The crystals of dibutylamine hydro Example III .-2-lmtene-1 ,4-bz's-diz'sohutyle V I amine Two moles, 250 parts of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene was-added to 10.6 moles, 1367 parts of diisobutylamine in a reaction vessel. The solution was heated on a steam bath to about '70" C. After standing overnight on the steam bath, a large amount of crystals was present. To this mixture was added 5 moles of sodium hydroxide dissolved in-1000 parts of water and the solution stir-red vigorously. Two layers separated and the oily layer was collected and most of the excess dibutylamine fractionated off at atmospheric pres:- sure. The last portions were fractionated at mm. pressure. The material remaining in the column'kettle was the desired product, 2-butene- =1,4bis-diisobutylamine. It was distilled at 3mm. and: resulted in 544 parts of product correspondingto a'yield of 87.8%.

112441 1216 I ,4 is-d allyl mim 715 parts, 7.38 moles, of diallylamine was placed t eepiii nr s el teal-W melee ifia aa ia of 4 was heated to C. in a hot water bath. Reac tion proceeded rapidly and the mixture was cooled by a cold water bath to maintain the temperature below about C. Four moles of sodium hy- 5 droxide in 500 parts of water were added and the mixturestirre d while heating to 80C. The oil layer which separated was collected. The excess diallylamine was fractionated off. The prodnot was distilled at 3 mm. pressure and resulted Example V.2-batene-1,4-bis-diisopropylamine .110 parts, .0.88. moles, of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene 15 was mixed with 494 parts, 4.89 moles, of diisoe v gppylamineina reaction flask fitted with a reflux condenser. The solution was refluxed at about 85 C., whereupon the reaction proceeded rather slowlyiasevidenced by the slow formation of the amine hydrochloride crystals. After refluxing iortu lr hours, t emixiure wascooled and 200 pa b sodium h droxid eq iitionv c ntainin 20 par /2 mo e isodi m d ox de w a d "l is mixtu e was-stirr dand ref uxed for eight hours, andr h na d. me l-20mm, /2 mo o di m hydrom e wa added-to libera e excess amine. The refluxing wascontinued for sixteen hours. The excess diisopropylamine was fractionated off and the2-butene-L4-bis-diisopropylamine was distilled at .4 mm'. pressure and amounted to 111 parts corresponding to a yield .91%.

Example VI'.--2.-buteize -1,4-bis-dipropylamine TWO-1110195 5. pa ts L4=d lo s w =b i wa" dri d to, iarnoles; 1242 pa ts, dinmpy eminein a mas ic; es 'elf er e minutes,

t temp te iie hgmixtur .rose arm-60 C.- amiwasihenceded. to 5 CJ e ie t i di s p ei t -'.ih c s a s w r fi ered oi and Wash w h rr rxl m T ex e d t pxlam n wa iraqt gnated bfi nci he P du Z-butene-1,4 bisedipropylamine was distilled: at 3 pressur at kett e temperature r :-135

d qx' egso i tiqn as mor mmp amms nd di pir y red- The t ta P o uct. mqun to 464; parts, cq espqndine toa yie d oi :.3

Whilethe aboyefdescribesfthe preferred emwherein R and. B11. are-members selected from'the roup cons st n o a sx z ups. .a alkenyl roups. rom 33 9-6. carbon a ms inelusive. I a I 2'. Z -Qbutene-l.4-rhis-diisobutylamine.

.3-.Z.- 1 enrli4- iprbrl l min 4- 2-. 1 ..t afh1. dibu ylam ne.-

' ihod rei rine Nesu st tute 2- lev es he f m a I RI-H H H H R1 Th'e'. r stal -w e tr te with sodium hyitions of. matter Nesubstituted Y radicals containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, the step which comprises reacting 1,4- dichloro-2-butene with a secondary amine selected from the group consisting of dialkylamines and dialkenylamines wherein the substituent groups contain from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive in the proportion of at least 4 moles of disubstituted amine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene.

6. In a method for preparing N-substituted 2-butene-1,4-diamines having the formula I I I I I I wherein R and R represent members selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkenyl radicals containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, the step which comprises reacting 1,4-

dichloro-Z-butene with a secondary amine selected from the group consisting of dialkylamines and dialkenylamines wherein the substituent groups contain from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive in the proportion of at least 6 moles of disubstituted amine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene.

7. In a method for preparing N-substituted 2-butene-1,4-diamines having the formula R HHHHR IIIIII R HHHHIR simian-Ia 1 I wherein R and R represent members selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkenyl radicals containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, the step which comprises reacting 1,4- dichloro-Z-butene with a secondary amine selected from the group consisting of dialkylamines and dialkenylamines wherein the substituent groups contain from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive in the proportion 01' at least 4 moles of disubsti- 6 tuted amine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-21-butene, and at temperatures not exceeding about C.

9. In a method for preparing N-substituted 2-butene-1,4-diamines having the formula IR HHHHR wherein R and R represent members selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkenyl radicals containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive, the step which comprises reacting 1,4- dichloro-2-butene with a secondary amine selected from the group consisting of dialkylamines and dialkenylamines wherein the substituent groups contain from 3 to 6 carbon atoms inclusive in the proportion of at least 6 moles of disubstituted amine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene, and at temperatures not exceeding about 85 C.

10. In a method for preparing 2-butene-1,4- bis-dibutylamines, the step which comprises reacting dibutylamine with 1,4-dichloro-2-butene at temperatures not exceeding about 85 C. and in the proportion of at least 4 moles of dibutylamine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene.

11. In a method for preparing 2-butene-1,4- bis-diisobutylamine, the step which comprises reacting diisobutylamine with 1,4-dichloro-2Fbutene at temperatures not exceeding about 85 C. and in the proportion of at least 4 moles of diisobutylamine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene.

12. In a method for preparing 2-butene-1,4- bis-dipropylamine, the step which comprises reacting dipropylamine with 1,4-dichloro-2-butene at temperatures not exceeding about 85'? C. and in the proportion of at least 4 moles of dipropylamine per mole of 1,4-dichloro-2-butene.

GLEN H. MOREY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,172,822 Tamele Sept. 12, 1939 2,216,548 Converse Oct. 1, 1940 OTHER REFERENCES Beilstein: Handbuch der Organische Chemie, 4th ed., vol. IV, page 2'73; ibid., 1st suppL, pages 423-424; ibid., 2nd suppL, pages 713-714. 

